FLUKA: ----- fluka2011 -----
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* http://www.fluka.org *
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* Copyright (c) 1989-2019 by INFN and CERN *
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* All rights reserved *
* Main authors: A.Fasso`, A.Ferrari, J.Ranft, P.R.Sala *
* Contributing authors: G.Battistoni, F.Cerutti, M.Chin, *
* T.Empl, M.V.Garzelli, M.Lantz, *
* A.Mairani, S.Muraro, V.Patera, *
* S.Roesler, G.Smirnov, F.Sommerer, *
* V.Vlachoudis *
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* 2011.x version of the FLUKA code by : *
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* Alberto Fasso` - SLAC/Jefferson Lab/ELI Beamlines *
* fasso@slac.stanford.edu, Alberto.Fasso@fzu.cz *
* *
* Alfredo Ferrari & Paola Sala - CERN/INFN Milan *
* Alfredo.Ferrari@cern.ch, Paola.Sala@mi.infn.it *
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* Johannes Ranft - Siegen University *
* Johannes.Ranft@cern.ch *
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03 November 2019
Present (active) authors (since FLUKA89):
A. Fasso`, ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics of the Academy of
Sciences, Harfa Office Park, Ceskomoravska 2420/15a,
190 93 Prague 9, Czech Republic
A. Ferrari, The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
J. Ranft, Universitaet Gesamthochschule Siegen, Fachbereich Physik,
D-57068 Siegen, Germany
P. R. Sala, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
Present contributing authors:
G. Battistoni, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
F. Cerutti, The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
M. Chin, The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
A. Empl, Houston University, Texas, USA
M. V. Garzelli, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Physics Department
via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
M. Lantz, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
A. Mairani, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
S. Muraro, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
V. Patera, Universita' La Sapienza, Roma, and INFN Frascati,
Italy
S. Roesler, The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
G. Smirnov, The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
F. Sommerer, Heidelberger Ionenstrahl-Therapie (HIT), Heidelberg,
Germany
V. Vlachoudis The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
Other authors who contributed to previous FLUKA versions (from FLUKA82
up to FLUKA92):
P. Aarnio, Helsinki University of Technology, Dept. of Technical
Physics Otakaari 1, SF-02150 ESPOO, Finland
(up to FLUKA87)
J.-H. Moehring, Leipzig University, Germany, Fachbereich Physik,
LEIPZIG, Germany
(up to FLUKA92)
G. R. Stevenson, TIS/RP, CERN, CH-1211 GENEVE 23, Switzerland
(up to FLUKA90)
J. M. Zazula, Institute of Nuclear Physics, CRACOW, Poland
(up to FLUKA90)
Depending on whether the Licensee requested and got approval for
a User or Trial FLUKA version, the FLUKA User license or the FLUKA
Trial Version license applies respectively (see below). For
commercial users, ad hoc licenses are agreed, hence none of the
licenses below applies.
FLUKA User license, as established by the FLUKA Coordination Committee
FLUKA User license
COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND LICENSE CONDITIONS
Copyright Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics
(INFN) and European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN),
1989-2019.
All rights not expressly granted under this license are
reserved. Requests for permissions not granted under this
license shall be addressed to the FLUKA Collaboration Commit-
tee, through fcc@fluka.org. Any permission may only be
granted in writing. This software results in particular from
work performed by Alberto Fassò, Alfredo Ferrari, Johannes
Ranft, Paola Sala (the "Authors"), and their collaborators
(the "Collaborators"). The Flair user interface results in
particular from work performed by Vasilis Vlachoudis (the
"Flair Author") and collaborators (also the "Collaborators").
The FLUKA Authors and Flair Author are jointly referred to as
"Authors".
INFN and CERN are the exclusive source of distribution of the
code, bug fixes and documentation of the FLUKA software
(http://www.fluka.org), and may authorise distribution by
mirror sites.
This license cancels and replaces any prior license condi-
tions but their warranty and liability provisions shall con-
tinue to apply to any use or modifications made under such
prior license conditions.
DEFINITIONS
The FLUKA software ("FLUKA") means the fully integrated
particle physics Monte Carlo simulation software package
being developed since 1989, available from the official FLUKA
website (http://www.fluka.org) and authorised mirror sites.
FLUKA includes FLUKA core code, FLUKA User Routines (as defi-
ned below), and the Flair user interface.
The FLUKA Copyright Holders means both CERN and INFN.
FLUKA User Routines means the set of subroutines collected in
the usermvax section of FLUKA and forming part of the
standard distribution of FLUKA.
The Licensee means any person acting individually within a
non-profit organisation, exercising any permission granted by
this license.
LICENSE GRANT
1.
Subject to the terms and conditions of this license, the
FLUKA Copyright Holders herewith grant to the Licensee a
worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free, source and object
code license to use and reproduce FLUKA for internal
scientific non commercial non-military purposes only.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Licensee shall not execute
FLUKA in a manner that produces an output whose contents are
directly useable or easily employable to simulate the physics
models embedded within FLUKA in a generic manner, or excise
portions of FLUKA source or object code, and execute them
independently of FLUKA. Extracting specific isolated results
from any of the individual internal physics models embedded
within FLUKA is not permitted. Permitted use and reproduction
are referred to below as "Use".
2.
Modification (including translation) of FLUKA, in whole or
in part, is not permitted, except for modification of FLUKA
User Routines that do not circumvent, replace, add to or
modify any of the functions of the FLUKA core code. Permitted
modifications are referred to below as "Modifications".
3.
FLUKA is licensed for Use by the Licensee only, and the
Licensee shall not market, distribute, transfer, license or
sub-license, or in any way make available ("Make Available")
FLUKA or Modifications, in whole or in part, to third
parties, without prior written permission. The Licensee shall
not assign or transfer this license.
4.
Notwithstanding section 3, the Licensee may Make Available
his Modifications of FLUKA User Routines to third parties
under these license conditions.
5.
The Licensee shall not insert FLUKA code or Modifications,
in whole or in part, into other codes without prior written
permission.
6.
Any use of FLUKA outside the scope of this license is subject
to prior written permission.
GRANT BACK
7.
The Licensee shall in a timely fashion notify to
fcc@fluka.org any Modifications carried out by him. Except
for Authors, Collaborators, and employees of the FLUKA
Copyright Holders, the copyright in whose Modifications shall
automatically be vested in the FLUKA Copyright Holders, the
Licensee herewith grants the FLUKA Copyright Holders a
perpetual, royalty- free, irrevocable and non-exclusive
license to his Modifications, with no limitation of use. The
Licensee acknowledges that the FLUKA Copyright Holders may
insert such Modifications into future releases of FLUKA,
subject to appropriate acknowledgment of the Licensee's
contribution.
8.
The Licensee shall report as soon as practical any errors or
bugs found in any portion of FLUKA to fluka-discuss@fluka.org
PUBLICATIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
9.
The Licensee shall explicitly acknowledge his use of FLUKA in
any publication or communication, scientific or otherwise,
relating to such use, by citing the FLUKA set of references
(http://www.fluka.org, see below) and the FLUKA copyright
notice.
10.
The Licensee shall ensure that the FLUKA set of references,
the FLUKA copyright notice and these license conditions are
not altered or removed from FLUKA and that all embodiments of
FLUKA and Modifications contain in full the FLUKA set of
references, the FLUKA copyright notice, and these license
conditions.
11.
Any insertion of FLUKA code or Modifications, in whole or in
part, into other codes with permission under section 5 shall
preserve the FLUKA set of references, the FLUKA copyright
notice and these license conditions in the FLUKA code or
Modifications concerned, and must also reproduce these within
any additional global notices included along or embedded
within the software into which the FLUKA code or the
Modifications have been integrated, in whole or in part. Any
part of the FLUKA code or Modifications so inserted shall
continue to be subject to these license conditions.
12.
Publication of any results of comparisons of specific
internal physics models extracted from FLUKA with permission
under section 6 with data or with other codes or models is
subject to prior written permission.
13.
Contributions to any formal code comparisons and validation
exercises pertaining to FLUKA, sponsored by recognised bodies
or within the framework of recognised conferences and
workshops, are subject to prior written permission.
WARRANTY AND LIABILITY
14.
DISCLAIMER FLUKA IS PROVIDED BY THE FLUKA COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, OF
SATISFACTORY QUALITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
USE ARE DISCLAIMED. THE FLUKA COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND THE
AUTHORS MAKE NO REPRESENTATION THAT FLUKA AND MODIFICATIONS
THEREOF WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT, TRADE SECRET
OR OTHER PROPRIETARY RIGHT.
15.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THE FLUKA COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND ANY
CONTRIBUTOR SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT,
SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR
OTHER DAMAGES OF ANY CHARACTER INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES, LOSS OF USE,
DATA OR PROFITS, OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF CONTRACT, WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, ARISING IN ANY
WAY OUT OF THE USE OF FLUKA, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND THE LICENSEE SHALL HOLD THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND ANY CONTRIBUTOR FREE AND HARMLESS FROM
ANY LIABILITY, INCLUDING CLAIMS BY THIRD PARTIES, IN RELATION
TO SUCH USE.
TERMINATION
16.
This license shall terminate with immediate effect and
without notice if the Licensee fails to comply with any of
the terms of this license, or if the Licensee initiates
litigation against any of the FLUKA Copyright Holders or any
contributors with regard to FLUKA. It shall also terminate
with immediate effect from the date on which a new version of
FLUKA becomes available. In either case sections 14 and 15
above shall continue to apply to any Use or Modifications
made under these license conditions.
FLUKA Trial Version license
6 MONTHS TRIAL VERSION
END-USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
FOR FLUKA SOFTWARE
Copyright Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics
(INFN) and European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN),
1989-2018. All rights not expressly granted under this
license are reserved. Requests for permissions not granted
under this license shall be addressed to the FLUKA Collabora-
tion Committee, through fcc@fluka.org. Any permission may
only be granted in writing. This software results in
particular from work performed by Alberto Fassò, Alfredo
Ferrari, Johannes Ranft, Paola Sala (the "Authors"), and
their collaborators (the "Collaborators"). INFN and CERN are
the exclusive source of distribution of the code, bug fixes
and documentation of the FLUKA software (FLUKA website). By
installing, or otherwise using the Trial Version of FLUKA
software, you agree to be bound by the terms of this
Agreement. If you do not agree to the terms of this
Agreement, you should refrain from installing or using the
Trial Version of FLUKA software.
DEFINITIONS
The Licensors means both CERN and INFN.
The Licensee means any person or entity exercising any
permission granted by this license.
The FLUKA software ("FLUKA") means the last updated version
of the fully integrated particle physics Monte Carlo
simulation software package being developed since 1989,
available from the official FLUKA website and authorised
mirror sites. FLUKA includes FLUKA User Routines (as defined
below) and accompanying documentation. Output does not form
part of FLUKA as herein defined.
FLUKA User Routines means the set of subroutines collected in
the usermvax section of FLUKA and forming part of the
standard distribution of FLUKA.
The Trial Version of FLUKA software ("FLUKA Trial Version")
means a version of the FLUKA software to be used only to
review, demonstrate and evaluate the FLUKA software. The
FLUKA Trial Version has an expiration date which is set out
in the title of the Agreement at the sole discretion of the
Licensors and which starts as from the date of its
downloading by the Licensee ("the Expiration Date"). The
FLUKA Trial Version features a built in limitation that
purposely impedes unlimited use of the software. It therefore
runs in a sub optimal way and limits the computational time
to what is deemed adequate for the Purpose as described
below.
The Purpose should be defined as the willingness of the
Licensee to use the Trial version of the FLUKA software in
order to evaluate the suitability of FLUKA software for
commercial applications and to determine whether to purchase
FLUKA under commercial license conditions.
Make Available means to market, distribute, transfer, license
or sub-license, or in any way dispose of or make available.
Output means results and data generated using FLUKA Trial
Version, or any procedure or algorithm making use of results
and data generated with FLUKA Trial Version, but excludes
Comparisons (as defined below).
Comparisons means results of benchmark comparisons of the
FLUKA Trial Version physics models
LICENSE GRANT
1. The Parties agree that the copyright and all other rights
related to FLUKA, in whatever form, including but not limited
to the object code, source code and user interface, are
vested in Licensors, and that Licensors retain all title,
copyright and any other proprietary rights in FLUKA.
2. All rights not expressly granted under this Agreement are
reserved.
3. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement,
Licensors herewith grant to the Licensee a non-exclusive,
non-transferable object code license to use the FLUKA Trial
Version for the Purpose.
4. The scope of the license granted under this Agreement is
strictly limited to the use of the FLUKA Trial Version for
the Purpose and specifically excludes any scientific or
commercial applications.
5. The Licensee shall under no circumstances circumvent the
built in limitations contained in the FLUKA Trial version.
6. FLUKA Trial Version is licensed for use by the Licensee
only, at the Licensee's site, and the Licensee shall not Make
Available FLUKA Trial Version, in whole or in part, either
separately or with a product or service, to third parties,
without Licensors' prior written permission.
7. The Licensee may not modify, translate, decompile,
disassemble, decrypt, extract, or otherwise reverse engineer
FLUKA Trial Version, nor may the Licensee attempt to create
the source code from the object code of FLUKA Trial
Version. The Licensee may not insert FLUKA Trial Version
code, in whole or in part, into other codes. The Licensee may
not create derivative works of FLUKA Trial Version. It is
understood that Output is not considered derivative works.
8. Without prejudice to article 5, the Licensee may modify
FLUKA User routines to the extent that the purpose of the
modifications is limited to the adaptation of input and
output interfaces of FLUKA. Any such modifications are
permitted only to the extent that they do not circumvent,
replace, add to, or modify any of the functions of FLUKA, or
extract specific isolated results from any of the individual
internal physics models embedded within FLUKA.
9. The Licensee may use FLUKA Trial Version to generate
Output for the Purpose only. The Licensee shall not Make
Available such Output to third parties.
10. The Licensee may use FLUKA Trial Version to generate
Comparisons for the Purpose but may not Make Available such
Comparisons.
11. Any use of FLUKA Trial Version outside the scope of
articles 3 to 7 is subject to prior written permission from
Licensors. No Party may assign or transfer this Agreement to
a third party.
12. The Licensee shall not use FLUKA Trial Version, Output,
or Comparisons for military purposes.
13. The Licensee shall not copy FLUKA Trial Version, in whole
or in part, for distribution purposes
PAYMENT
14. The FLUKA Trial Version is provided to Licensee free of
charge.
MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT
15. The Licensors are under no obligation to correct any
problems or errors of FLUKA Trial Version.
WARRANTY AND LIABILITY
16. DISCLAIMER: FLUKA TRIAL VERSION IS PROVIDED BY LICENSORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, OF
SATISFACTORY QUALITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
USE ARE DISCLAIMED. LICENSORS AND THE AUTHORS MAKE NO
REPRESENTATION THAT FLUKA TRIAL VERSION WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY
PATENT, COPYRIGHT, TRADE SECRET OR OTHER PROPRIETARY
RIGHT. LICENSORS ARE NOT AWARE OF ANY FACTS THAT WOULD LEAD A
REASONABLE PERSON TO BELIEVE THAT USE OF FLUKA TRIAL VERSION
WOULD INFRINGE THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. THE LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES
THAT LICENSORS AND THE AUTHORS HAVE NOT PERFORMED ANY
SEARCHES OR INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE EXISTENCE OF ANY THIRD
PARTY RIGHTS THAT MAY AFFECT FLUKA TRIAL VERSION.
17. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: EXCEPT AS MAY BE MANDATED BY
LAW, IN CASE OF GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR WILFUL MISCONDUCT,
LICENSORS AND ANY CONTRIBUTOR SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL,
EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR OTHER DAMAGES OF ANY CHARACTER
INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
GOODS OR SERVICES, LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION, HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF CONTRACT,
WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR
OTHERWISE, ARISING IN ANY WAY FROM THE USE, INCLUDING ANY
INABILITY TO USE, FLUKA TRIAL VERSION AND/OR OUTPUT, EVEN IF
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND THE LICENSEE
SHALL HOLD LICENSORS AND ANY CONTRIBUTOR FREE AND HARMLESS
FROM ANY LIABILITY, INCLUDING CLAIMS BY THIRD PARTIES, IN
RELATION TO SUCH USE.
18. The Parties shall take all necessary measures to prevent
any infringement of the terms of this Agreement. The Licensee
shall be liable to Licensors for any such infringement by the
Licensee and shall hold Licensors free and harmless and
indemnify them for any and all claims or lawsuits which may
result there from.
DURATION AND TERMINATION
19. This Agreement shall enter into force on the day of its
downloading by the Licensee.
20. This Agreement shall terminate and the license shall
lapse after the Expiration date of the FLUKA Trial Version.
21. This Agreement may terminate if the Licensee fails to
comply with any of the terms of this Agreement such
termination having been notified in writing by the Licensors
and being effective within thirty (30) days unless within
that period the breach is remedied by the Licensee, or if the
Licensee institutes litigation against any of Licensors or
any contributors with regard to FLUKA Trial Version, without
any compensation being due by either Licensor to the
Licensee.
22. In any case of termination of the Agreement the license
shall lapse and the Licensee shall uninstall and delete all
copies of the Software, including the user documentation.
23. In case of termination of this Agreement for any reason
whatsoever and at the request of either Party, the other
Party shall promptly return any confidential information
belonging to the first Party.
24. Notwithstanding termination of the Agreement howsoever
caused, its provisions shall continue to bind the Parties in
so far and for as long as may be necessary to give effect to
their respective rights and obligations accrued prior to
termination.
25. The provisions of this Agreement shall be interpreted in
accordance with its true meaning and effect. Without
prejudice to CERN's status as an Intergovernmental
Organization, reference shall be made to Swiss substantive
law where (i) a matter is not specifically covered by this
Agreement; or (ii) a provision is ambiguous or unclear. Such
reference shall be made exclusively for the matter or
provisions concerned, and shall in no event apply to the
other provisions of this Agreement.
26. Any dispute under this Agreement that fails to be settled
amicably shall be referred to arbitration, drawn up by CERN
in accordance with its status as an Intergovernmental
Organization, in accordance with the procedure defined at:
http://legal.web.cern.ch/procedures/arbitration.
Notwithstanding reference of any dispute to arbitration, the
Parties shall continue to be bound by their obligations under
this Agreement.
FLUKA set of references, subject to change
"Overview of the FLUKA code"
G. Battistoni, T. Boehlen, F. Cerutti, P.W. Chin, L.S. Esposito,
A. Fassò, A. Ferrari, A. Lechner, A. Empl, A. Mairani, A. Mereghetti,
P. Garcia Ortega, J. Ranft, S. Roesler, P.R. Sala, V. Vlachoudis,
G. Smirnov, Annals of Nuclear Energy 82, 10-18 (2015)
"FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code"
A. Ferrari, P.R. Sala, A. Fasso`, and J. Ranft,
CERN-2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773
Use of Flair must be acknowledged using the following reference:
V. Vlachoudis, Proc. Int. Conf. on Mathematics, Computational
Methods & Reactor Physics (M&C 2009), Saratoga Springs,
New York, 2009
Additional FLUKA references can be added, provided they are
relevant for the FLUKA version under consideration.
This set of references is subject to change in time. New ones will be
communicated, when necessary, in the Release Notes of new FLUKA versions.
Note:
The Nuclear Energy Agency Data Bank is an authorized
distributor of the code
For questions/clarifications/problems about the license or in general the
use of FLUKA please contact the chairman of the joint INFN/CERN FLUKA
Collaboration Committee:
Prof. Giuseppe Battistoni
INFN - Via Celoria 16 I-20133 Milano (Italy)
Giuseppe.Battistoni@mi.infn.it
or one of the Authors.
FLUKA2011 MANUAL
IMPORTANT WARNING FOR THE USERS
This manual is a reference tool for preparing input for the FLUKA
particle transport code. It is not complete and it is not guaranteed to
be free from errors. It is continually evolving just as the code does.
It should not be cited: the proper references to be cited in any recent
work related to FLUKA are listed above (see also the list of References
in 17}). In using the code, the user agrees on the authorship
and copyright and hence is bound to quote the above references.
Please note also that early versions of the FLUKA hadronic event generator
as implemented in other codes (in particular GEANT) should be referenced
as such (e.g. GEANT-FLUKA) and not as FLUKA. They have little in common
with the present version and should be considered virtually obsolete.
The proper reference to GEANT-FLUKA is Fas93a.
Some parts of the manual must be "enriched": output etc.; the part on
auxiliary programs must be updated.
Please refer to fasso@slac.stanford.edu / Alfredo.Ferrari@cern.ch for any
comment or criticism on this manual and/or the code.
Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari
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