- Release notes for Fluka2005.6 - This release is a quantum leap forward in the FLUKA development with respect to the last release, Fluka2003.1b, both from the technical and scientific point of view, and for the interaction with the users. The users should keep in mind that, with respect to the new features this is effectively a beta release, and therefore problems are expected. The development team has spent a significant amount of time debugging the new features, however we would be surprised if no teething issue will show up. Users who will not make use of the new features should not experience any significant stability problem, at least no more than those they met when fluka2003.1b was released. As it is obvious from the name, the major revision number of this release is 2005 and the minor revision number is 6. There is no patch level at present. All Fluka releases have a numbering scheme like: Fluka. where is usually the year that major revision has been developed in, is a number like 1,2,..., and the patch level is a letter like b,c,... . Releases differing in patch level only are supposed to differ because of bug fixes only. -- INTRODUCTION -- This is the first important release of FLUKA carried out under the INFN-CERN Collaboration Agreement for the Maintenance and Development of the FLUKA code. The development and distribution of FLUKA is managed by two Committees, the former, the Fluka Coordination Committee (FCC), which is representing the Copyright Holders (INFN and CERN) and which is empowered for all major decisions, the latter, the Fluka Scientific Committee (FSC), which is in charge of the day-to-day development of the code and of the technical and scientific issues. The present membership of the two Committees is the following: FCC: Giuseppe Battistoni INFN/Milan Giuseppe.Battistoni@mi.infn.it (chairman) Enrico Chiaveri CERN/HR Enrico.Chiaveri@cern.ch John Harvey CERN/PH John.Harvey@cern.ch Johannes Ranft Siegen Un. Johannes.Ranft@cern.ch Paola R. Sala INFN/Milan Paola.Sala@mi.infn.it FSC: Giuseppe Battistoni INFN/Milan Giuseppe.Battistoni@mi.infn.it Federico Carminati CERN/PH Federico.Carminati@cern.ch Alberto Fasso` SLAC Fasso@slac.stanford.edu Alfredo Ferrari CERN/AB Alfredo.Ferrari@cern.ch (secretary) Andrea Ottolenghi Un. Pavia Andrea.Ottolenghi@mi.infn.it Johannes Ranft Siegen Un. Johannes.Ranft@cern.ch Stefan Roesler CERN/RP Stefan.Roesler@cern.ch Paola R. Sala INFN/Milan Paola.Sala@mi.infn.it Vasilis Vlachoudis CERN/AB Vasilis.Vlachoudis@cern.ch The cornerstones of the INFN-CERN Agreement are the following: a) the code is Copyright 1989-2005 INFN and CERN, and the authors are Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari, Johannes Ranft and Paola Sala: the Copyright and licensing conditions extend to all the work performed by the Authors since 1989, and therefore covers the vast majority of the code contained in all FLUKA releases or development versions since that date b) make the code available to the scientific community under a License which gives broad rights to the end user c) protect the code integrity and authorship inserting in the License proper conditions d) assure that only official versions of the code will be used, prosecuting in case, including by legal means, the use of unauthorized, or worse, pirated versions This release will be tentatively available in source form for CERN staff members and INFN researchers: special download forms will be available on the Fluka web site for this purpose. Initially the source release will include the Linux-x86 version only (which runs on x86_64 machines as well). The Fluka Coordination Committee, the Fluka Scientific Committee and the Authors kindly invite all users to refer to any of them for whichever question or doubt about the source release and its condition of use. - NEW PHYSICS AND TECHNICAL FEATURES - A good fraction of the new features of FLUKA as presented in recent conferences are in, some of them are still out just because they are still felt as experimental. The most relevant new features are the following: a) Radioactive products online evolution and associated remnant doses b) PEANUT extension to pbar/nbar and, for p,n, pi's, pbar/nbar elimination of Nucriv. Among the many consequences of this development, the threshold for nbar transport and interactions can now be set as low as the user wishes (!!! Please do no longer use 50 MeV, and please, note that the threshold for Kshort/long transport can be as low as the user wish since 2000 !!!) c) ElectroMagnetic dissociation of heavy ions d) Elimination of PEMF e) New photon cross sections obtained out of EPDL97 (LLNL) f) New photon coherent scattering model g) Updated photon photoelectric effect model h) Updated photon pair production model i) Elimination of the OUTLEVEL and ACCURACY input options l) Obsoleting the EXTRAWEI option (see USERWEIG) m) Parentheses in geometry (eventually!) n) Introduction of (simple) preprocessor directives in the input stream o) New random number generator p) New routines for mathematical special functions (adapted from SLATEC) q) Interface with DPMJET-3 (the one with DPMJET-2.53 is still available) -- NEW FEATURES NOT YET INCLUDED -- The following features are currently under active development. Some of them are ready but were not included for lack fo time, others are ready and possibly already presented or going to be presented to conferences, but not yet tested enough for a general user version, others are in various stages of completeness. The Authors warn that every result obtained out of the production version of the code which could be heavily dependent on any of these features will not be representative of the actual performances of FLUKA and therefore shall not be published. List of the features under active development but not yet included in the production version of FLUKA: a) New 260 group neutron cross section library b) Heavy fragment emission in the preequilibrium stage c) Impact ionization cross sections d) Compton with Doppler shift e) PEANUT extension to the highest energies f) Heavy ion pair production g) Photomuon production h) Full input by names rather than numbers i) Direct resonance transport and interaction in PEANUT j) Updated multiple scattering model (including the so called polygonal approach) k) New hadron elastic scattering model at intermediate energies l) Neutral kaon regeneration (partially implemented, but still faulty because not yet performed at scattering amplitude level) m) Screening and Coulomb corrections for the spectra of the decay beta minus and beta plus emissions -- PLATFORMS UNDER WHICH FLUKA SHALL BE RUN -- This version of the code should be run on the platforms for which it has been released, that is Linux x86 and Compaq TrueUnix. The code has been checked and validated for these platforms only for the time being. The availability of the source code shall not be exploited for tentative builds on other architectures or with different compilers/compiler options than the ones recommended by the development team. Our experience shows that for a code of the complexity of FLUKA the chances of hitting one or more compiler issues are close to unit. Therefore users shall not make use for every serious job, including whichever form of publication or presentation, of code versions built on platforms and/or with compiler options which have not been cleared as safe by the development team. The development team is actively developing and testing FLUKA also on the following platforms: a) MacOSX b) Windows (under Cygwin) c) Sun Solaris The availability of versions for these platforms is planned for the late fall, beginning of the winter. -- IMPORTANT WARNINGS FOR THE USERS -- A major cleanup of FLUKA commons and routines has been performed, trying to make the code structure more rational and symmetric (among the various parts) in its implementation. A significant amount of obsolete code has been removed. Problems with variable or commons which no longer exists or have changed their names could occur within preexisting user routines. In particular: a) as a consequence of the elimination of PEMF, all material properties which were given in the PEMF input file are now taken from the FLUKA input file. The user MUST provide only the production thresholds for photons and electrons/positrons (the AE and AP parameters of the PEMF input file) using the EMFCUT card with sdum = PROD-CUT. Forgetting to introduce this card into your old inputs could cause wrong results. The code will indeed select defaults for the production cuts which could be easily far different from the ones previously used in the corresponding PEMF file. Please look at the manual for details about how to input the EM production threshold with EMFCUT. The "-p" option in the rfluka script has been kept for future extensions, where an automatically generated data file will be produced in order to speedup the initialization of further runs with the same input. Please don't use it. b) the common BEAM has been renamed BEAMCM and the following variable name changes occurred: XINA -> XBEAM TINX -> UBEAM TINPX -> UBMPOL YINA -> YBEAM TINY -> VBEAM TINPY -> VBMPOL ZINA -> ZBEAM TINZ -> WBEAM TINPZ -> WBMPOL c) the Fluka and Emf stacks have been completely reshuffled. For most user routines, it should be enough to include (FLKSTK) where (STACK) was included and perform the following modifications: LSTACK -> NPFLKA WT -> WTFLK PMOM -> PMOFLK NREG -> NRGFLK XA -> XFLK TX -> TXFLK TKE -> TKEFLK YA -> YFLK TY -> TYFLK ILO -> ILOFLK ZA -> ZFLK TZ -> TZFLK LO -> LOFLK Please be careful that there are new variables which are critical and which need to be set for the proper operation of the code, ie when a user source routine is used d) the lattic user routine, which is needed for the exploitation of the repetition capabilities of the FLUKA geometry, has now one further argument in the calling sequence. User should adapt their lattic versions, looking at the example supplied inside usermvax e) for those entitled to download the source version: the source distribution contains a Makefile which allows building the code on Linux-x86 (x86_64, with the -m32 option as required by the binary files). In order to run the code successfully one has to download the binary version as well (which contains the data files, the auxiliary tools etc, which are not duplicated in the source tar file distribution) -- MISCELLANEOUS -- The source code for DPMJET and for the version of rQMD-2.4 used together with Fluka is not yet available for this beta release. The development team is finalizing the proper distribution conditions for these codes, which will be possibly included in the next release. The binary libraries are anyway available as usual, hence we do not expect any serious inconvenience for users who need heavy ion capabilities There are several routines in this beta-release which are apparently useless and not required for a successful link of the code. Most of them are new developments which either are activated in the development version only for the time being, or are under test in isolation with suitable drivers which are not included in the released version. Please ignore them. Code snippets setting an expiration day for this beta-release version are present in a few routines: obviously the availability of the source code allows to change it, however users should be aware that under the licensing conditions this is not permitted. The code expiration date (around october 2006 for this beta-release) is there as a reminder to use up-to-date versions. In no way it is intended as a robust protection, the code distribution is done as always on a mutual trust basis. The "FLUKA User Routines" mentioned at point 3) in the FLUKA User License are obviously those (and only those) contained in the directory usermvax, both in the source and binary versions of the code. Copyright statements referring to one of more of the Authors (A.Fasso`, A.Ferrari, J.Ranft, P.R. Sala) contained in individual routines, must always be interpreted as: Copyright INFN and CERN, Authors: ... since the Authors have transferred their rights to INFN and CERN at the time of (and subject to) the enactement of the INFN-CERN agreement of 2003. A proper re-elaboration of all those Copyright statements will be performed for the next releases. -- UNSUPPORTED/OBSOLETE VERSIONS -- All FLUKA versions older than Fluka2003.1b, starting since 1989, are declared obsolete and will no longer be supported. Therefore they shall no longer be used for any publication according to the FLUKA User License and associated Requests of the Authors. -- REFERENCES TO BE QUOTED -- The use of the FLUKA code must be acknowledged explicitly by quoting at least the following set of references - A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari, J. Ranft, and P.R. Sala, "FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code", CERN Yellow Report (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, in press - A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari, S. Roesler, P.R. Sala, G. Battistoni, F. Cerutti, E. Gadioli, M.V. Garzelli, F. Ballarini, A. Ottolenghi, A. Empl and J. Ranft, "The physics models of FLUKA: status and recent developments", Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2003 Conference (CHEP2003), La Jolla, CA, USA, March 24-28, 2003, (paper MOMT005) eConf C0303241 (2003), arXiv:hep-ph/0306267 Additional FLUKA references can be added, provided they are relevant for this FLUKA version. If FLUKA is used together with rQMD-2.4, DPMJET-2.53, or DPMJET-3 the following references should be quoted: rQMD-2.4: - H. Sorge, H. Stoecker, and W. Greiner, Annals of Physics 192, 266 (1989) DPMJET-2.53: - J. Ranft. Physical Review D51, 64 (1995) DPMJET-3: - R. Engel, and J. Ranft, Physical Review D54, 4244 (1996) - S. Roesler, R. Engel, and J. Ranft, Proceedings of ICRC 2001, Copernicus Ges., 1 (2001) The FLUKA development team