FLUKA Course Requirements
--------------------------------------------------------
UPDATED===08.11.2008
TITLE===Course requirements
TYPE===course
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<h2>Requirements:</h2>

	<p>Prior to the course we encourage you
having a certain 'basic' knowledge of Linux. Below you'll find a first
selection of useful/needed commands and for those of you still feeling
a bit uneasy with the use of Linux, we kindly ask you to have a closer
look, as well as possibly follow related Linux tutorials which are
available on the network: <a class="exind" href="http://www.linux.org/docs/freesupport.html" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Linux tutorial">Linux tutorial </a> 
	<br /><br />
Furthermore, those of you bringing their own laptop are kindly
requested to verify the proper functioning of FLUKA &amp; FLAIR, at
least in terms of software requirements (gcc, Python, gnuplot, etc...).</p>

	<h3>Chapter 1:<br /> Hardware and Software requirements:</h3>

	<p>For
the moment FLUKA does not support Windows and Mac, thus even though one
could envisage running through X-window connections (such as Exceed,
Putty, VNC,...) we do not encourage doing so for the course. Course
participants intending to use their own laptop need a working LINUX
system installed. We encourage everybody to check if their LINUX system
contains all elements listed below, as well as their correct
functioning:</p>

	<table style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 70%; text-align: center;" border="1">
	<tbody><tr style="background-color: navy; color: white; font-weight: bold;"><td>
		required package
	</td><td>
		version required
	</td><td>
		how to verify?<br />

		(type in terminal)
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		FORTRAN compiler<br />
		g77/gcc
	</td><td>
		3.0 or higher
	</td><td>
		<pre>g77 -v</pre>

	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		Python (with Tkinter and Tk/Tcl)
	</td><td>
		Python:<br /> 2.3 or higher

		<br /><br />

		Tk/Tcl:<br /> 8.3 or higher
	</td><td>

		Python:<br />
		<pre>python -V</pre>

		<br />

		Tkinter:<br />
		type: <pre>python</pre> in terminal and then type: <pre>import Tkinter</pre> If you get error messages you don't have Tkinter installed. Type <pre>Ctrl-D</pre> to exit the python interpreter.
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		gnuplot
	</td><td>
		4.0 or higher <br />
		(4.2 or higher recommended)
	</td><td>
		Type: <pre>gnuplot -V</pre> on the command line. This will print the gnuplot version.
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		PDF reader
	</td><td>
		
	</td><td>
		Anything which reads PDF files (Acrobat Reader, xpfd, kpdf etc.)
	</td></tr>
	</tbody></table>

	<p>If your computer does not fulfill <strong>all</strong> the requirements above please ask your local system administrator for help or contact us in advance.</p>

	<h3>Chapter 2: <br />Computing skills (LINUX) required for the FLUKA course:</h3>

	<p>In
the course LINUX will be used as operating system and we strongly
encourage that you are familiar with the main basic shell commands -
ideally already <strong>before</strong> the course.</p>

	<h4>The following is needed for the course:</h4>

	<ul>
	<li>
opening a terminal (depends on your distribution, on most systems there
is an icon on the Desktop or in the taskbar of the desktop environment,
or it can be found somewhere in the start menu) </li>

	<li>
	being able to work with a text editor (Emacs, nedit, gedit, kate, vim, vi, joe etc.) to create, edit and save files
	</li>
	</ul>


	<h4>Knowledge of the following Linux commands:</h4>

	<table style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 90%;" border="1">
	<tbody><tr style="background-color: navy; color: white; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"><td>
		command
	</td><td>
		meaning
	</td><td>
		syntax
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>

		cat
	</td><td>
		list the contents of short files to the screen
	</td><td>
		<pre>cat <filename></filename></pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		cd
	</td><td>

		change the current working directory
	</td><td>
		<pre>cd <dirname></dirname></pre>
		starting from root directory:
		<pre>cd /home</pre>
		move to parent directory:
		<pre>cd ..</pre>
		move to user directory:
		<pre>cd ~</pre>

	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		cp
	</td><td>
		copy the file; will overwrite destination if exists
	</td><td>
		<pre>cp <source file=""> <destination file=""></destination></source></pre>
		prompt before overwrite:
		<pre>cp -i <source file=""> <destination file=""></destination></source></pre>

		copy file to current directory:
		<pre>cp <source file=""> .</source></pre>
		copy whole directory and all its contents:
		<pre>cp -r <source dir=""> <destination dir=""></destination></source></pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		grep
	</td><td>

		search for a string in file(s)
	</td><td>
		<pre>grep <pattern> <filename></filename></pattern></pre>
		search recursively in whole directory:
		<pre>grep -r <pattern> <dirname></dirname></pattern></pre>
		example:
		<pre>grep "fluka" report.txt</pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		less
	</td><td>
		displays the contents of the file (user can scroll up/down)
	</td><td>
		<pre>less <file></file></pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>

		ls
	</td><td>
		list files
	</td><td>
		<pre>ls</pre>
		list all files with a lot of info:
		<pre>ls -al</pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>

		man
	</td><td>
		get detailed information how to use particular command; press SHIFT+Z twice to exit
	</td><td>
		<pre>man <command></command></pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		mkdir
	</td><td>

		create a directory
	</td><td>
		<pre>mkdir <dirname></dirname></pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		mv
	</td><td>
		move or rename file
	</td><td>

		<pre>mv <source> <destination></destination></source></pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		pwd
	</td><td>
		show the name of the current working directory
	</td><td>
		
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		rm
	</td><td>
		remove command
	</td><td>
		removes a file:
		<pre>rm <filename></filename></pre>
		removes all files in current directory except subdirs:
		<pre>rm *</pre>

		removes directory with all its contents:
		rm -r <dirname>
	</dirname></td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		rmdir
	</td><td>
		remove dir if empty
	</td><td>
		<pre>rmdir <dirname></dirname></pre>

	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		tar
	</td><td>
		tool for (de)compress file(s)
	</td><td>
		example:
		<pre>tar -xvf archive.tar</pre>
		<pre>tar -xzf archive.tar.gz</pre>

		to create an archive from directory:
		<pre>tar -czf archive.tar.gz <dirname></dirname></pre>
	</td></tr>

	<tr><td>
		touch
	</td><td>
		create file
	</td><td>
		<pre>touch <filename></filename></pre>

	</td></tr>
	</tbody></table>

	<h4>Environment variables:</h4>

	<p>Environment
variables are 'placeholders' used in the shell holding 'strings'. In
this course we will use them to set the variable FLUPRO which defines
the path to the directory where FLUKA is installed. Depending on the
shell used (bash, tcsh ...) one has to use different commands setenv or
export. To access the name of the variable one has to put a $ in front
of the name, $FLUPRO in this case. An example: <br />

	on tcsh:
	</p><pre>setenv FLUPRO /path/to/FLUKA</pre>

	<br />

	on bash:
	<pre>export FLUPRO /path/to/FLUKA</pre>

	<br />

	To see if the variable is set correctly set one can print its content by:<br />
	<pre>echo $FLUPRO</pre>

	This should print /path/to/FLUKA