Release notes for FLUKA packages.
--------------------------------------------------------
UPDATED===04.05.2024.17.01.43
TITLE===FLUKA files short doc
TYPE===subpage
--------------------------------------------------------
<h2>==== Release notes for  <b style="color: #782020;">Fluka2025.1 </b>,&nbsp; ====  </h2>
<h2>==== the 4th generation of the FLUKA ====</h2>
<h2>==== MC code, authored by A.Fassò,&nbsp;  ====</h2>
<h2>==== A.Ferrari, J.Ranft, and P.R.Sala &nbsp; ====</h2>

<h2>=== IN A FEW WEEKS THE OFFICIAL FLUKA ===</h2>
<h2>===     WEB SITE WILL MIGRATE FROM    ===</h2>
<h2>===    www.fluka.org TO www.fluka.eu. ===</h2>
<h2>==      AN ANNOUNCEMENT AND FURTHER   ===</h2>
<h2>===  INSTRUCTIONS WILL BE SENT A FEW  ===</h2>
<h2>===     DAYS BEFORE THE MIGRATION     ===</h2>

<p>This is a major release with several important physics and technical
improvements and additions.<p>

<p>New features are shortly listed below, and described in more detail in
the ASCII or online versions of the manual. The pdf version of the manual
is sometimes not yet complete with respect to the new options, please refer
to the ASCII or online manuals in those cases.<p>

<h3> SHORT LIST OF NEW/CHANGED FEATURES </h3>
<ul>
<li> Pointwise Thermal Scattering Laws (TSL) for thermal neutrons implemented,
    including inelastic scattering (S(alpha,beta)), incoherent elastic,
    and coherent elastic;
</li>
<li>
 </li> <li>  Fully correlated delayed neutron production can be activated on
    demand for pointwise (low energy) neutron transport (see the
    manual, card PHYSICS, SDUM=DELAYNEU);
 </li> <li>  Pointwise fission neutron generation has been further improved. Not
    only the resulting average multiplicties, but also the multiplicity
    distributions are now in nice agreement with what reported by 
    experimental data and/or evaluated data files. At the same time, the
    fission neutron energy spectra have further improved as well;
 </li> <li>   Cosmic Ray spectra according to the Global Spline Fit (GSF) model are
    now available as an alternative to the AMS based ones (they are
    obviously very similar) (see the manual under SPECSOUR, SDUM=GCR-GSF);
 </li> <li>  The latest International Geomagnetic Reference Field model 14 (November
    2024) is now implemented for the accurate description of the Earth
    magnetic field. It substitutes the previous Igrf13 model;
 </li> <li>  The Athermal ReCombination (arc) model for DPA calculations is now
    available as an alternative to the previous model (see the manual
    under MAT-PROP, SDUM=DPA-ENER);
 </li> <li>  Different choices of partition functions and screening radii are
    now available for DPA and NIEL calculations (see the manual under
    MAT-PROP, SDUM=NIEL-PFN);
 </li> <li>  User defined neutron reflection is now implemented (see the manual under
    MAT-PROP, SDUM=N-REFLEC). This is still an experimental feature, please
    report whichever problem you may find experimenting with it;
 </li> <li>  Inverse Compton electron/positron interactions on light fields are now
    available. Two possibilities are implemented
    * a spherical (stellar-like) light source;
    * an uniform black body radiation field (eg CMB).
    (see the manual under INVCOMPT);
 </li> <li>  Synchrotron radiation emission along particle trajectories can now be 
    explicitly activated for whichever charged particle travelling in
    whichever magnetic field (see the options ASSIGNMAT and SYNCRAD in the
    manual). The model overcomes the limitations of the original synchrotron
    radiation source (SPECSOUR, SDUM=SYNC...) which was limited
    to ultrarelativistic particles and trajectories with picth angle
    close to 90 degrees. The new model allows for whichever picth angle and
    works also for particles moderately relativistic in the transverse
    (with respect to the field) plane. The physics improvements have been
    ported to the SPECSOUR, SDUM=SYNC-... options which are still
    available;
 </li> <li>  Particle generation and/or energy threshold based biasing is now 
    available, particularly useful for very high energy shower simulations
    (option BIASING, SDUM's RRPRONLY, RR-GENER, RRTHRESH, RR-LPTHR);
 </li> <li> The generic tetrahedron, TET, body has been added to the geometry
    package;
 </li> <li>  Runge-Kutta-Gill tracking parameters (options MGNFIELD, ELCFIELD,
    SDUM=RUNGKUTT) have been re-organized to streamline and simplify the 
    input of tracking accuracy parameters (see the manual);
 </li> <li>  There are again a few improvements in the modeling of photonuclear
    interactions above ~100 MeV;
 </li> <li>  The GDR cross section for 56Fe has been updated and revised;
 </li> <li>  Further source code reorganization. All the FLUKA code is now under
    IMPLICIT NONE;
 </li> <li>  The geocrs routine has been replaced by the geodrr one (same arguments
    and usage), so please update possible personal source.f routines;
 </li> <li>  Built-in source routines for neutron spectra from Am-Be, Am-B, 252-Cf
    sources (see the BEAM card);
 </li>
At the same time a few rare bugs have been fixed.
 </ul>

<h3> WARNING </h3>
The usrsuwev.f off-line inventory evolution file is not yet updated to
  deal with the new isomer calulation capabilities of FLUKA, hence off-line
  inventory evolution concerning isomers should be avoided. A version
  properly accounting for the FLUKA isomers prediction capabilities will
  come with one of the next releases
<h3>ALWAYS VALID IMPORTANT WARNINGS </h3>
<ul>
<li>Whenever residual nuclei (and residual dose rates) scoring is of
  importance, or accurate neutron yields are required, the heavy residual
  emission ("fragmentation") and the coalescence emission of fast complex
  particles should be switched on, through the following data cards:<br />

PHYSICS    3.0                                                        EVAPORAT<br />
PHYSICS    1.0                                                        COALESCE<br />

  and (as a consequence of coalescence) it would be wise to link with
  rQMD-2.4 (and DPMJET) and activate ion transport and interactions,
  and circumvent the lack of deuteron interactions at low energy with<br />
  
PHYSICS          1.0     0.005      0.15       2.0       2.0       2.0IONSPLIT<br />

 These suggestions are mandatory for residual nuclei calculations.
</li>
<li>
Old residual nuclei output files
   The auxiliary programs (usrsuw and usrsuwev in
   $FLUPRO/flutil) that sum and process the residual nuclei output files
   depend on the nuclear database. Users who still need to process files
   produced with previous fluka versions should contact the fluka
   developers. Users who already produced xxx_tab.lis and xxx_sum.lis
   files are not concerned.
</li>
<li>The ARB, BOX, WED body types, which are deprecated since many years due to
  their precision problem prone coding, are now accepted only if the user
  explicitly sets SDUM=DEPRBODY in the GLOBAL card.

</li> <li>
  The use of so-called "expressions" inside the Flair preprocessor, those
  writing pseudo-comments in the input file like
 !@what.1=-1.5e-2 is deprecated.  In order to still use those kind of
  expressions, the user has to explicitly set SDUM=OLDFLAIR in the
  GLOBAL card.
</li> </ul>

<h3>REFERENCES TO BE QUOTED </h3>
<p>The use of the FLUKA code must be acknowledged explicitly by quoting
at least the following set of references</p>
<ul style="color: #aa3322">
  <li> F. Ballarini,    K. Batkov,    G. Battistoni,   M.G. Bisogni,
      T.T. Böhlen,    M. Campanella,     M.P. Carante,     D. Chen,
      A. De Gregorio,    P.V. Degtiarenko,    P. De la Torre Luque,
      R. dos Santos Augusto,   R. Engel,   A. Fassò,  A. Fedynitch,
      Alfredo Ferrari,  Anna Ferrari,  G. Franciosini,  A.C. Kraan,
      J. Lascaud,  W. Li,  J. Liu,  Z. Liu,  G. Magro,  A. Mairani,
      I. Mattei,    M.N. Mazziotta,    M.C. Morone,    S.E. Müller,
      S. Muraro,  P.G. Ortega,  K. Parodi,  V. Patera, L.S. Pinsky,
      R.L. Ramos,       J. Ranft,       V. Rosso,        P.R. Sala,
      M. Santana Leitner,       G. Sportelli,        T. Tessonnier,
      K.S. Ytre-Hauge, and L. Zana,
     "The FLUKA code: Overview and new developments",
      European Physics Journal Nuclear Science and Technology,
      Vol. 10, 16 (2024)
      https://doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2024015

</li>
  <li>

     A. Ferrari, P.R. Sala, A. Fasso`, and J. Ranft,<br>
     "FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code",     <br>     
      CERN 2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773

</li>
</ul>
<p> Use of Flair must be acknowledged using the following reference:</p>

<ul style="color: #aa3322">
  <li>     V. Vlachoudis, <br>
       Proc. Int. Conf. on Mathematics, Computational
      Methods & Reactor Physics (M&C 2009), <br>
      Saratoga Springs, New York, 2009
</li>
</ul>
	<p>Additional FLUKA references can be added, provided they are relevant for this FLUKA version.</p>

<p>The use of the neutrino event generator (NUNDIS) must be
   acknowledged by quoting</p>
<ul style="color: #aa3322">
  <li>
      G. Battistoni, A. Ferrari, M. Lantz, P. R. Sala and G. I. Smirnov,<br>
      "A neutrino-nucleon interaction generator for the FLUKA Monte Carlo code",<br>
      Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Nuclear Reaction
      Mechanisms, <br>
    Varenna, Italy, 15-19 June 2009, <br>
      CERN-Proceedings-2010-001 pp.387-394.<br>

</li>
    </ul>

<p> For medical applcations of FLUKA:</p>
<ul style="color: #aa3322">
  <li>
     G. Battistoni, J. Bauer, T.T. Boehlen, F. Cerutti,
      M.P.W. Chin, R. Dos Santos Augusto, A. Ferrari, P.G. Ortega,
      W. Kozlowska, G. Magro, A. Mairani, K. Parodi, P.R. Sala, P. Schoofs,
      T. Tessonnier, V. Vlachoudis,<br>
      "The FLUKA code: An accurate simulation tool for particle therapy",<br>
      Frontiers in Oncology, Radiation Oncology Section, 00116 
      (2016)
</li>
    </ul>


	<p>If FLUKA is used together with rQMD-2.4 or DPMJET-3 the following references should be quoted:</p>

	<p style="font-size: 110%;">rQMD-2.4:</p>
<ul style="color: #aa3322">

		<li>  H. Sorge, H. Stoecker, and W. Greiner, Annals of Physics 192, 266 (1989)
</li>
		<li> 
	  V. Andersen. F. Ballarini, G. Battistoni, M. Campanella, M. Carboni,
      F. Cerutti, A. Empl, A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari, E. Gadioli, M.V. Garzelli,
      K. Lee, A. Ottolenghi, M. Pelliccioni, L.S. Pinsky, J. Ranft, S. Roesler,
      P.R. Sala, and T.L. Wilson,<br />
      "The FLUKA code for space applications: recent developments",<br />
      Advances in Space Research, 34(6), 1302-1310 (2004).
	  
</li>
    </ul>
	<p style="font-size: 110%;">DPMJET-3:</p>

<ul style="color: #aa3322">

		<li> 
		S.Roesler, R.Engel, J.Ranft: "The Monte Carlo Event Generator DPMJET-III"<br />
		in Proceedings of the Monte Carlo 2000 Conference, Lisbon, October 23-26<br />
		2000, A. Kling, F. Barao, M. Nakagawa, L. Tavora, P. Vaz eds.,<br />
		Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1033-1038 (2001).
		</li>
			<li> A. Fedynitch, PhD Thesis,
      https://cds.cern.ch/record/2231593/files/CERN-THESIS-2015-371.pdf.<p>
		</li>
    </ul>