FLUKA: ----- fluka2021 -----
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* http://www.fluka.org *
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* Copyright (C) 2022-2023 *
* Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari, Paola Sala, *
* and their collaborators *
* All rights reserved *
* *
* ( Copyright (C) 2019-2022 *
* Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari, and their *
* collaborators, *
* INFN (Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics) ) *
* *
* ( Copyright (C) 1989-2019: *
* INFN (Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics) *
* CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) ) *
* *
* Authors: A.Fasso`, A.Ferrari, J.Ranft, P.R.Sala *
* *
* Contributors : G.Arico`, G.Battistoni, *
* R.dos Santos Augusto, T.Empl, *
* Anna Ferrari, M.Lantz, A.Mairani, *
* M.C.Morone, S.Muller, S.Muraro, *
* V.Patera, M.Santana, G.Smirnov *
* Past contributors : T.T.Boehlen, F.Cerutti, M.Chin, *
* A.Fontana, M.V.Garzelli, S.Roesler, *
* F.Salvat-Pujol, P.Schoofs, *
* F.Sommerer, V.Vlachoudis *
* *
* *
* 2021 version of the FLUKA code by : *
* *
* Alberto Fasso` - SLAC/USA (retired) *
* alberto_fasso_at_gmail.com *
* *
* Alfredo Ferrari - Private *
* Karlsruhe Institute of Technology *
* Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, *
* Alfredo.Ferrari_at_kit.edu *
* *
* Paola Sala - Private *
* INFN Milan *
* Paola.Sala_at_mi.infn.it *
* *
* Johannes Ranft - Siegen University *
* (deceased) *
* *
*====================================================================*
10 January 2023
The documentation for Fluka2020/21 is followed by:
F. Broggi Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
Present (active) FLUKA authors (since FLUKA89):
A. Fasso`, retired, SLAC Stanford (USA)
A. Ferrari, private,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,
Universitätsklinikum, Heidelberg, Germany,
J. Ranft, Universitaet Gesamthochschule Siegen, Fachbereich Physik,
D-57068 Siegen, Germany (deceased)
P. R. Sala private,
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
Present contributors:
G. Arico` Italy
G. Battistoni Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
R. dos Santos Augusto TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3
Canada
A. Empl Houston University, Texas, USA
A. Ferrari HDZR, Dresden, Germany
M. Lantz Uppsala University, Box 516 751 20 Uppsala,
Sweden
A. Mairani CNAO, Str. Campeggi, 53, 27100 Pavia, and
Heidelberger Ionenstrahl-Therapie (HIT), Heidelberg,
Germany
M.C.Morone Universita' Tor Vergata, Roma, and INFN, Italy
S. Muller HDZR, Dresden, Germany
S. Muraro Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16,
20133 Milano, Italy
V. Patera Universita' La Sapienza, Roma, and INFN Frascati,
Italy
M. Santana SLAC Stanford, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
G. Smirnov Dubna, Russian Federation
Other contributors who contributed to previous versions of the modern
FLUKA:
T.T. Boehlen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
F. Cerutti The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
M. Chin Malaysia
A. Fontana Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Bassi 6,
27100 Pavia, Italy
M. V. Garzelli Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Physics Department
via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
S. Roesler The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
F. Salvat-Pujol The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
P. Schoofs The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
F. Sommerer Heidelberger Ionenstrahl-Therapie (HIT), Heidelberg,
Germany
V. Vlachoudis The European Organization for Nuclear Research,
1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
Other contributors to previous FLUKA versions (from FLUKA82 up to FLUKA92):
P. Aarnio Helsinki University of Technology, Dept. of Technical
Physics Otakaari 1, SF-02150 ESPOO, Finland
(up to FLUKA87)
J.-H. Moehring Leipzig University, Germany, Fachbereich Physik,
LEIPZIG, Germany
(up to FLUKA92)
G. R. Stevenson TIS/RP, CERN, CH-1211 GENEVE 23, Switzerland
(up to FLUKA90)
J. M. Zazula Institute of Nuclear Physics, CRACOW, Poland
(up to FLUKA90)
Depending on whether the Licensee requested and got approval for
a User or Trial FLUKA version, the FLUKA User license or the FLUKA
Trial Version license applies respectively (see below). For
commercial users, ad hoc licenses are agreed, hence none of the
licenses below applies.
FLUKA User license
COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND LICENSE CONDITIONS
FLUKA is a fully integrated particle physics Monte Carlo
code. The FLUKA software results in particular from work
performed by Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari, Johannes Ranft,
Paola Sala (the "FLUKA Authors"), and collaborators (the
"Collaborators").
The copyright in the FLUKA software Version 2023.0 and
following is vested as following:
Copyright in developments carried out after June 30th 2022
is vested in Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari, Paola Sala, and
their collaborators(*). Copyright in developments carried out
in between September 1st 2019 and June 30th 2022 is vested
in Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari, their collaborators(*),
and INFN. Those parts which are partially or totally
copyright of Alberto Fasso` and/or Alfredo Ferrari are
licensed free of charge for use in FLUKA as distributed by
the FLUKA Authors and INFN (**).
Copyright in developments carried out before September 1st
2019 is vested in INFN and CERN jointly.
Authorship is detailed for every routine in the source code.
All rights not expressly granted under this license are
reserved. Requests for permissions not granted under this
license shall be addressed to the Authors. Any permission may
only be granted in writing.
The Authors are the exclusive source of distribution of the
code, bug fixes and documentation of the FLUKA software
version 2021.2.3 and beyond, and may authorise distribution
by mirror sites.
This license cancels and replaces any prior license condi-
tions but their warranty and liability provisions shall con-
tinue to apply to any use or modifications made under such
prior license conditions.
as well as its authors are indicated in the source code
partially or totally copyright of Alberto Fasso` and/or
Alfredo Ferrari is included in the LICENSED.routines file.
DEFINITIONS
The FLUKA software ("FLUKA") means the fully integrated
particle physics Monte Carlo simulation software package
being developed since 1989 by the Authors and available,
under the name "FLUKA", from http://www.fluka.org and/or
mirror sites authorised by the Authors.
FLUKA includes FLUKA core code, and FLUKA User Routines (as
defined below).
FLUKA User Routines means the set of subroutines collected in
the usermvax section of FLUKA and forming part of the
standard distribution of FLUKA.
The Licensee means any person acting individually within a
non-profit organisation, exercising any permission granted by
this license.
LICENSE GRANT
1.
Subject to the terms and conditions of this license, the
FLUKA Copyright Holders herewith grant to the Licensee a
worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free, source and object
code license to use and reproduce FLUKA for internal
scientific non commercial non-military purposes only.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Licensee shall not execute
FLUKA in a manner that produces an output whose contents are
directly useable or easily employable to simulate the physics
models embedded within FLUKA in a generic manner, or excise
portions of FLUKA source or object code, and execute them
independently of FLUKA. Extracting specific isolated results
from any of the individual internal physics models embedded
within FLUKA is not permitted. Permitted use and reproduction
are referred to below as "Use".
2.
Modification (including translation) of FLUKA, in whole or
in part, is not permitted, except for modification of FLUKA
User Routines that do not circumvent, replace, add to or
modify any of the functions of the FLUKA core code. Permitted
modifications are referred to below as "Modifications".
3.
FLUKA is licensed for Use by the Licensee only, and the
Licensee shall not market, distribute, transfer, license or
sub-license, or in any way make available ("Make Available")
FLUKA or Modifications, in whole or in part, to third
parties, without prior written permission. The Licensee shall
not assign or transfer this license.
4.
Notwithstanding section 3, the Licensee may Make Available
his Modifications of FLUKA User Routines to third parties
under these license conditions.
5.
The Licensee shall not insert FLUKA code or Modifications,
in whole or in part, into other codes without prior written
permission.
6.
The Licensee shall not reverse engineer, decompile, decrypt,
disassemble or otherwise attempt to derive the source code
from the FLUKA binary code or FLUKA data libraries (except as
and only to the extent that any foregoing restriction is
prohibited by Law),
7.
Any use of FLUKA outside the scope of this license is subject
to prior written permission.
8.
The Licensee shall report as soon as practical any errors or
bugs found in any portion of FLUKA to the Authors.
PUBLICATIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
9.
The Licensee shall explicitly acknowledge his use of FLUKA in
any publication or communication, scientific or otherwise,
relating to such use, by citing the FLUKA set of references
(see below) and the FLUKA copyright notice.
10.
The Licensee shall ensure that the FLUKA set of references,
the FLUKA copyright notice and these license conditions are
not altered or removed from FLUKA and that all embodiments of
FLUKA and Modifications contain in full the FLUKA set of
references, the FLUKA copyright notice, and these license
conditions.
11.
Any insertion of FLUKA code or Modifications, in whole or in
part, into other codes with permission under section 5 shall
preserve the FLUKA set of references, the FLUKA copyright
notice and these license conditions in the FLUKA code or
Modifications concerned, and must also reproduce these within
any additional global notices included along or embedded
within the software into which the FLUKA code or the
Modifications have been integrated, in whole or in part. Any
part of the FLUKA code or Modifications so inserted shall
continue to be subject to these license conditions.
12.
Publication of any results of comparisons of specific
internal physics models extracted from FLUKA with permission
under section 6 with data or with other codes or models is
subject to prior written permission.
13.
Contributions to any formal code comparisons and validation
exercises pertaining to FLUKA, sponsored by recognised bodies
or within the framework of recognised conferences and
workshops, are subject to prior written permission.
WARRANTY AND LIABILITY
14.
DISCLAIMER FLUKA IS PROVIDED BY THE FLUKA COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, OF
SATISFACTORY QUALITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
USE ARE DISCLAIMED. THE FLUKA COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND THE
AUTHORS MAKE NO REPRESENTATION THAT FLUKA AND MODIFICATIONS
THEREOF WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT, TRADE SECRET
OR OTHER PROPRIETARY RIGHT.
15.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THE FLUKA COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND ANY
CONTRIBUTOR SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT,
SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR
OTHER DAMAGES OF ANY CHARACTER INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES, LOSS OF USE,
DATA OR PROFITS, OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF CONTRACT, WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, ARISING IN ANY
WAY OUT OF THE USE OF FLUKA, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND THE LICENSEE SHALL HOLD THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND ANY CONTRIBUTOR FREE AND HARMLESS FROM
ANY LIABILITY, INCLUDING CLAIMS BY THIRD PARTIES, IN RELATION
TO SUCH USE.
TERMINATION
16.
This license shall terminate with immediate effect and
without notice if the Licensee fails to comply with any of
the terms of this license, or if the Licensee initiates
litigation against any of the FLUKA Copyright Holders or any
contributors with regard to FLUKA. It shall also terminate
with immediate effect from the date on which a new version of
FLUKA becomes available. In either case sections 14 and 15
above shall continue to apply to any Use or Modifications
made under these license conditions.
FLUKA set of references, subject to change
"The FLUKA Code: Developments and Challenges for High Energy
and Medical Applications"
T.T. Bohlen, F. Cerutti, M.P.W. Chin, A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari,
P.G. Ortega, A. Mairani, P.R. Sala, G. Smirnov, and
V. Vlachoudis, Nuclear Data Sheets 120, 211-214 (2014)
"FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code"
A. Ferrari, P.R. Sala, A. Fasso`, and J. Ranft,
CERN-2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773
Additional FLUKA references can be added, provided they are
relevant for the FLUKA version under consideration.
Note:
Copyright statements contained in individual files re-
ferring explicitly to one or more of the Authors and/or
Collaborators, must be interpreted as "Copyright INFN
and CERN, Authors: ...", for the period 1989-September
1st 2019, as "Copyright Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari
, their collaborators, and INFN, Authors: ... ", from
September 1st 2019 to June 30th 2022, and as "Copyright
Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari, Paola Sala, and their
collaborators, Authors: ...", from July 1st 2022
onwards.
FLUKA set of references, subject to change
"The FLUKA Code: Developments and Challenges for High Energy
and Medical Applications"
T.T. Bohlen, F. Cerutti, M.P.W. Chin, A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari,
P.G. Ortega, A. Mairani, P.R. Sala, G. Smirnov, and
V. Vlachoudis, Nuclear Data Sheets 120, 211-214 (2014)
"FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code"
A. Ferrari, P.R. Sala, A. Fasso`, and J. Ranft,
CERN-2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773
Additional FLUKA references can be added, provided they are
relevant for the FLUKA version under consideration.
This set of references is subject to change in time. New ones will be
communicated, when necessary, in the Release Notes of new FLUKA versions.
For questions/clarifications/problems about the license or in general the
use of FLUKA please contact the INFN FLUKA responsible person:
Dr. Paola R. Sala
INFN - Via Celoria 16 I-20133 Milano (Italy)
Paola.Sala_at_mi.infn.it
or one of the Authors.
FLUKA2021 MANUAL
IMPORTANT WARNING FOR THE USERS
This manual is a reference tool for preparing input for the FLUKA
particle transport code. It is not complete and it is not guaranteed to
be free from errors. It is continually evolving just as the code does.
It should not be cited: the proper references to be cited in any recent
work related to FLUKA are listed above (see also the list of References
in 19}). In using the code, the user agrees on the authorship
and copyright and hence is bound to quote the above references.
It is not complete and it is not guaranteed to be free from errors.
It is continually evolving just as the code does. It should not be cited:
the proper references to be cited in any recent work related to FLUKA are
listed above (see also the list of References in 19}). In using the code,
the user agrees on the authorship and copyright and hence is bound to quote
the above references.
Please note also that early versions of the FLUKA hadronic event generator
as implemented in other codes (in particular GEANT) should be referenced
as such (e.g. GEANT-FLUKA) and not as FLUKA. They have little in common
with the present version and should be considered virtually obsolete.
The proper reference to GEANT-FLUKA is Fas93a.
It must be noted that after the termination of the INFN-CERN Agreement of
2003, CERN started to distribute a so-called ``FLUKA-4'' code, whose
legality is legally disputed by the surviving FLUKA Authors, A.Fasso`,
A.Ferrari, P.R. Sala, who consider that it infringes on their authorship
rights as protected by the Bern convention, and by the Swiss, Italian, and
European laws.
Some parts of the manual must be "enriched": output etc.; the part on
auxiliary programs must be updated.
Please refer to alberto.fasso_at_gmail.com / Alfredo.Ferrari_at_kit.edu for
any comment or criticism on this manual and/or the code.
Alberto Fasso`, Alfredo Ferrari
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