Last version:
, October 16th 2024
(last respin 2024.1.2)
06-May-2024
News:
--
Fluka Release
(
16.10.2024
)
FLUKA 2024.1.2 has been
released.
New FLUKA reference, please read and cite it:
F. Ballarini et al.,
The FLUKA code: Overview and new developments,
EPJ Nuclear Sci. Technol. 10, 16 (2024)
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[ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ back ]
The energy deposits are computed by FLUKA [6] taking into account the Birks
effect [7]
(see equation 1), that is
the saturation of the light output (L) of a scintillating material
when the energy release is high [6].
For high densities of energy deposition, due to the quenching interactions between the excited molecules along the path of
incident particles, the light output is not changing linearly with the energy deposition but
instead it can be described as [8]:
 [1]
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This law describes the light output of (organic) scintillators [8].
The luminescence at low specific ionisation density depends on the particle type and the material, and
the parameters c1 and c2 are equal to [3]:
c1 = 0.013 cm2MeV-1
c2 = 9.6 x 10-6 cm3MeV-2
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A proper attenuation length parameter for fibers material in order to calculate a light intensity
at each side of the module was taken into account. The attenuation function of fibers was described with
the following formula:
 [2]
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where y is distance between the place of deposited energy and the photocathode.
The attenuation factor B is the ratio between detected and generated light signal which changes as a
function of the distance (on y axis) from the generation point to the photocatode.
The module consists of two types of scintillating fibers: "Kuraray"
and "Pol.hi.tech" [2].
The first are implemented until a depth of 12 cm and the remaining part of the
module is built with latter type of fibers.
The value of the
parameters for "Kuraray" and "Pol.hi.tech" are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: Fibers parameters.
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A
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lambda_1 [cm]
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lambda_2 [cm]
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Kuraray
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0.35
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50
|
430
|
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Pol.hi.tech
|
0.35
|
50
|
330
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Giuseppe Battistoni; INFN, Milano
Jaroslaw Zdebik; UJ, Cracow
Last updated: 26th of October, 2010
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