OPEN

    defines input/output files to be connected at run-time

     
WHAT(1)
 > 0. : logical unit number of a FORMATTED file to be opened
             < 0. : logical unit number of an UNFORMATTED file to be
                    opened

             
Default
 : no default (
WHAT(1)
 must not be = 0.)

     WHAT(2-6)    : not used

     
SDUM
 = NEW      : the file is opened with status 'NEW'
          = OLD      : the file is opened with status 'OLD'
          = UNKNOWN  : the file is opened with status 'UNKNOWN'
          = SCRATCH  : the file is opened with status 'SCRATCH'

          
Default
: 
SDUM
 = OLD if |
WHAT(1)
| = 9, 12, 13, 14
                        = NEW otherwise
     If 
SDUM
 is not = SCRATCH, the name of the file to be opened must be
     given in the card which immediately follows.

     
Default
 (option OPEN not given): no file is opened at run time.
           On UNIX and Linux, the rfluka script provided with the FLUKA code
           creates the necessary symbolic links.

     
Notes:
         1) The input/output files used by FLUKA are of several kinds:

              * Standard input (logical unit 5) and standard output (logical
                unit 11) must be redirected via < and > (on UNIX and Linux), or
                pre-connected via FILEDEF, ASSIGN, etc. on other systems.

              * cross section unformatted data files (logical unit numbers 9, 13
                and 14) can be opened with the OPEN option (
SDUM
 = OLD or
                READONLY), or can be pre-connected (on most UNIX systems,
                preconnection is obtained by means of symbolic links).
                If OPEN is used, the full file name must be given in the card
                which follows.

              * Scratch files (unit 8 for EMF auxiliary output and unit 16
                for Combinatorial Geometry working space) can also be OPENed
                (with 
SDUM
 = SCRATCH) or pre-connected (not on UNIX).
                No file name card must be given for scratch files.

              * The "next seeds" file from the random number generator (logical
                unit number 2) can be opened by any of the three ways described
                above (i.e. by OPEN, by pre-connection or automatically) on any
                of the supported systems.

              * Error message file (logical unit number 15) and estimator output
                files (created by scoring options such as USRBIN, USRBDX, DETECT
                etc.):
                - On UNIX systems, they can either be opened by the user
                  (with option OPEN, 
SDUM
 = NEW or UNKNOWN and file name given
                  on the next card) or automatically by the program with a
                  default name of the form fort.xxx or ftn.xxx, where xxx is the
                  logical unit number.

              * Files created by user-written code: all the three possibilities
                are available. Of course, a Fortran statement OPEN can also be
                used in this case.

         2) It is possible to pre-connect some of the files and to OPEN others.

     Examples:
 *...+....1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+...
 *   opening the file with the random number seeds for the next run
 OPEN              2.                                                  NEW
 newseed.random
 *   the working space for Combinatorial Geometry
 OPEN             16.                                                  SCRATCH

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